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CM04451

Aethelred II Penny, Last Small Cross type, Cissbury, Ciolnoth

Aethelred II (978-1016), silver Penny, last small cross type (c.1009-17), Cissbury Mint, Moneyer Ciolnoth, diademed and draped bust left within linear circle, Latin legend surrounding, +EÐELRED REX ANGLO:-, rev. small cross pattee at centre, linear circle with legend surrounding, +CIOLNOÐ ON SIDESTEB, weight 1.58g (Hildebrand 3407; N.777; S.1154). Grey tone, a number of peck marks on the reverse and striations, otherwise about very fine with all the important details clear, extremely rare.

The Anglo-Saxon legends translate as "Aethelred, King of the English" and "Ciolnoth of Cissbury."

The Cissbury Mint reading has been known to numismatists since Victorian times but was for many years a matter of controversy as to what location the Anglo Saxon Mint reading was referring to. It was not until the article by R. H. M. Dolley and F. Elmore-Jones in the British Numismatic Journal of 1955 that the true Mint identity was revealed backed up by the fact that there are die links with London for Aethelred and the nearby Mint of Chichester for a Canute coin, as well as a die link to Scandinavia.

The Cissbury Mint would probably have been located in the hill fort location over the Adur valley, three miles south west of Steyning in Sussex, and coins only exists for the Aethelred II last small cross and Canute Quatrefoil issue.

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